Main Precursors To Dopamine, Serotonin, & Cholinergic Receptors
L-Tyrosine - powers the thyroid gland and dopamine production which then increases memory, focus, and adaptation under stress. Without the thyroid gland your brain and body start to lose communication with each other and you increase your chance of getting Alzheimers, Dementia, and other ailments that can destroy the body and mind.
L-Tryptophan - main ingredient that fuels Serotonin; controls happiness, memory, sense of well being, reaction to stress, and even helps promote a deeper and better sleep. It can also help with your metabolism, appetite control, and gut health. If you are on SSRI/Antidepressants consult with a licensed physician before supplementing this into your life.
L-Theanine - Promotes relaxation without drowsiness, enhances focus and attention, reduces stress and anxiety, improves sleep quality, and has neuroprotective benefits. It also boosts your Immune system and helps with heart health through stress reduction/ blood pressure regulation. Together with Caffeine it will give you a calmer, more focused energy that will sustain you throughout the day.
Alpha-GPC - This is the most pure and effective form of Choline on the market. It improves memory, boosts cognitive performance, has neuroprotective benefits, increases learning capabilities, increases physical performance, stimulates HGH (which increases anti-ageing benefits, muscle growth, and fat reduction), increases endurance, and potential mood enhancement.
Additional Amino Acids That Help Support Brain and Body Function
Glycine
Mental Benefits:
Improved Sleep Quality: Enhances sleep efficiency and reduces time to fall asleep.
Mood Stabilization: Potential to reduce symptoms of schizophrenia and improve cognitive function.
Physical Benefits:
Anti-inflammatory Effects: Reduces inflammation, potentially benefiting conditions like arthritis.
Muscle Protection: Helps in muscle growth and recovery.
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Arginine
Mental Benefits:
Cognitive Enhancement: Improves blood flow to the brain, potentially aiding cognitive functions.
Physical Benefits:
Cardiovascular Health: Enhances nitric oxide production, lowering blood pressure and improving heart health.
Exercise Performance: Increases exercise capacity, reduces fatigue, and aids in muscle recovery.
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Methionine
Mental Benefits:
Mood Regulation: Precursor to SAMe, which is involved in neurotransmitter synthesis.
Antioxidant Activity: Helps in the production of glutathione, aiding in detoxification.
Physical Benefits:
Skin and Hair Health: Essential for hair, skin, and nail growth.
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Histidine
Mental Benefits:
Cognitive Function: Involved in neurotransmitter synthesis, potentially affecting cognition and mood.
Physical Benefits:
Immune System: Essential for the production of histamine, which plays a role in immune response.
Tissue Repair: Helps in the healing of tissues due to its role in protein synthesis.
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Taurine
Mental Benefits:
Neuroprotection: Acts as an antioxidant and supports neuronal growth, potentially reducing neurodegenerative risks.
Mood Regulation: May have calming effects on the brain, helping with anxiety and stress.
Physical Benefits:
Cardiovascular Health: Can lower blood pressure and improve heart function.
Muscle Function: Involved in muscle contraction and energy production.
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Leucine
Mental Benefits:
Brain Protein Synthesis: Supports the synthesis of proteins critical for brain function, potentially aiding cognitive processes.
Physical Benefits:
Muscle Growth and Repair: Known for its role in muscle protein synthesis, beneficial for recovery and growth.
Blood Sugar Control: Can influence insulin signaling, aiding in glucose metabolism.
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Valine
Mental Benefits:
Cognitive Function: Involved in neurotransmitter regulation, supporting cognitive and emotional health.
Physical Benefits:
Muscle Health: Essential for muscle repair, maintenance, and growth.
Energy Regulation: Helps in maintaining energy levels during physical exertion.
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Additional Nutrients and Supplements
Inositol
Mental Benefits:
Inositol can aid in mood regulation, potentially reducing symptoms of anxiety, depression, OCD, and panic disorder. It might also enhance cognitive function and improve sleep quality.
Physical Benefits:
Inositol improves insulin sensitivity, which helps in managing or preventing PCOS and type 2 diabetes. It supports metabolic health, aids liver function, contributes to skin health, and can enhance fertility by improving ovulation and egg quality.
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Vitamin C
Mental Benefits:
Vitamin C supports mental health by potentially reducing stress and anxiety, improving mood, and aiding cognitive function. It’s involved in the synthesis of neurotransmitters like serotonin, which can influence mood regulation. Some studies suggest it might help protect against age-related cognitive decline.
Physical Benefits:
Vitamin C is crucial for immune system support, enhancing the body’s ability to fight infections. It’s also essential for collagen formation, aiding in skin health, wound healing, and bone maintenance. As an antioxidant, it protects cells from damage by free radicals, potentially reducing the risk of chronic diseases. Vitamin C can improve iron absorption, which is vital for preventing anemia, and it might reduce the duration and severity of the common cold. Additionally, it supports cardiovascular health by aiding in blood vessel function.
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Vitamin B6
Mental Benefits:
Vitamin B6 is crucial for brain development and function, aiding in the synthesis of neurotransmitters like serotonin, dopamine, and GABA, which regulate mood, sleep, and cognitive functions. It’s beneficial in managing mood disorders, reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety, and it might help in alleviating premenstrual symptoms (PMS). B6 also supports memory and cognitive health, potentially reducing the risk of cognitive decline with age.
Physical Benefits:
Vitamin B6 plays a significant role in protein metabolism, red blood cell formation, and the creation of hemoglobin, which helps prevent anemia. It aids in immune function by supporting antibody production. B6 is involved in the metabolism of homocysteine, thus potentially reducing the risk of heart disease. It can alleviate nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy, known as morning sickness. By supporting the nervous system, it can help in managing conditions like carpal tunnel syndrome and might reduce the severity of peripheral neuropathy. Additionally B6 contributes to skin health by aiding in the production of melanin and reducing inflammation.
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Vitamin B12/Cobalamin
Mental Benefits:
Vitamin B12 is essential for the production of neurotransmitters like serotonin and dopamine, which regulate mood, sleep, and cognitive functions. Deficiency can lead to neurological issues including memory loss, depression, and cognitive decline. Adequate B12 supports brain health, potentially preventing or mitigating conditions like dementia in the elderly, and it’s crucial for nerve health, helping to prevent or manage symptoms of peripheral neuropathy.
Physical Benefits:
Vitamin B12 is vital for red blood cell formation, preventing megaloblastic anemia which causes fatigue, weakness, and pallor. It’s involved in DNA synthesis and repair, crucial for all cells but especially during times of rapid growth like infancy and pregnancy. B12 aids in the metabolism of every cell in the body, particularly in energy production from fats and proteins. It helps in maintaining the myelin sheath around nerves, supporting nerve function. B12 also plays a role in homocysteine metabolism, reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases when levels are balanced. Furthermore, it supports bone health by assisting in bone cell activity and might help in reducing fatigue and enhancing physical performance.
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Vitamin D3 / Cholecalciferol
Mental Benefits:
Vitamin D3 is crucial for brain health, influencing the production of neurotransmitters that regulate mood. Adequate levels are associated with a lower risk of depression, anxiety, and mood swings. It supports cognitive function, potentially reducing the risk of cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s. Vitamin D receptors in the brain suggest it plays roles in neuroprotection, neuroimmunomodulation, and brain development, which could impact mental health and cognitive performance.
Physical Benefits:
Vitamin D3 is essential for bone health by facilitating calcium absorption, which prevents conditions like osteoporosis. It supports the immune system, enhancing the body’s ability to fight infections and possibly reducing the risk of autoimmune diseases. Vitamin D3 plays a role in muscle function, aiding in muscle strength and reducing the risk of falls in the elderly. It’s involved in cardiovascular health, potentially lowering blood pressure, reducing inflammation, and improving heart function. There’s also evidence suggesting it can improve insulin sensitivity, thus helping in diabetes management. Additionally, Vitamin D3 might have anti-cancer properties by regulating cell growth and reducing cancer cell proliferation. It supports skin health, aiding in wound healing and possibly reducing the severity of skin conditions like psoriasis.
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Zinc
Mental Benefits:
Zinc plays a critical role in brain function and neurotransmitter activity, influencing mood regulation, cognitive development, and learning. Adequate zinc levels are associated with reduced risk of depression, anxiety, and ADHD, as it’s involved in the synthesis and modulation of neurotransmitters like serotonin and dopamine. Zinc supports neurogenesis, which is vital for memory and cognitive function, and it has antioxidant properties that protect brain cells from damage. It might also mitigate the impact of stress on cognitive functions by influencing the stress response system.
Physical Benefits:
Zinc is essential for immune system function, aiding in the development and function of immune cells, which can reduce the duration and severity of common colds when supplemented at the onset of symptoms. It’s crucial for wound healing and skin health, as it’s involved in protein synthesis, collagen formation, and the maintenance of skin integrity. Zinc supports growth and development, particularly during pregnancy, childhood, and adolescence, by aiding in DNA synthesis and cell division. It’s vital for reproductive health, impacting sperm production in men and ovulation in women. Zinc also plays a role in taste and smell perception, eye health, and antioxidant defense mechanisms, reducing oxidative stress. Additionally, zinc supports bone health, insulin action, and can influence the progression of chronic diseases like diabetes and cardiovascular conditions by regulating inflammation and metabolic processes.
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Biotin / Vitamin B7
Mental Benefits:
While biotin’s role in mental health is less directly studied, it supports overall metabolic health which can indirectly influence cognitive function. Biotin aids in the metabolism of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates, providing energy for brain cells. There’s some evidence suggesting that biotin might play a role in neurotransmitter synthesis, potentially impacting mood and cognitive functions, but more research is needed.
Physical Benefits:
Biotin is crucial for the metabolism of macronutrients, converting food into energy, which is essential for maintaining healthy skin, hair, and nails. It supports the health of the nervous system by aiding in fatty acid production necessary for myelin formation. Biotin is involved in gene regulation and cell signaling, impacting growth and repair processes. It’s beneficial for skin health, potentially reducing inflammation and aiding in wound healing. Biotin can also support hair growth and nail strength, reducing brittleness. For those with biotin deficiency, supplementation can improve symptoms like hair loss, skin rashes, and neurological issues. Additionally, it contributes to insulin production, potentially aiding in blood sugar control.
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Lutein
Mental Benefits:
Supports cognitive functions by enhancing memory and processing speed, potentially slowing cognitive decline. Its antioxidant properties might reduce the risk of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s, contributing to overall brain health and cognitive longevity.
Physical Benefits:
Vital for eye health, protecting against age-related macular degeneration and cataracts, while also improving visual performance. Aids cardiovascular health by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, which can benefit heart function. In terms of skin health, offers protection from UV radiation, helping to maintain skin elasticity and moisture, potentially slowing the aging process. Furthermore, its anti-inflammatory effects can mitigate chronic inflammation throughout the body, and its antioxidant capabilities might strengthen the immune system, enhancing overall physical health.
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NMN (Nicotinamide Mononucleotide)
Mental Benefits:
NMN is a precursor to NAD+, which is vital for energy production in the brain. By boosting NAD+ levels, NMN can potentially support cognitive functions like memory, focus, and mental clarity. There’s research indicating NMN might reduce inflammation and oxidative stress in the brain, which are linked to conditions like anxiety and depression. Some studies suggest it could protect against cognitive decline associated with aging, enhancing neuronal function.
Physical Benefits:
NMN supports mitochondrial function and energy metabolism by increasing NAD+ levels, which enhances physical endurance and performance. It has been shown to improve insulin sensitivity, potentially aiding in the management of diabetes and metabolic health. NMN can promote vascular health, enhance blood flow, and protect against heart disease. It’s also linked to muscle strength and endurance, aiding in muscle recovery and reducing age-related muscle loss. Research suggests NMN might extend lifespan and health span in animal models by activating longevity pathways, reducing age-associated weight gain, and mitigating age-related changes in gene expression and DNA damage.
Government Study Links:
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https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/PantothenicAcid-HealthProfessional/
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https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content?contenttypeid=19&contentid=VitaminB-5
Resveratrol
Mental Benefits:
Resveratrol is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which can protect the brain from damage and aging. It might enhance cognitive functions by improving blood flow to the brain, thus supporting memory, learning, and possibly reducing the risk of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s. There’s evidence suggesting resveratrol could modulate mood by influencing neurotransmitter pathways, potentially aiding in reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety.
Physical Benefits:
Resveratrol has been extensively studied for its cardiovascular benefits, including improving vascular function, reducing blood pressure, and lowering LDL cholesterol while increasing HDL. Its antioxidant properties help combat oxidative stress, potentially reducing the risk of chronic diseases like cancer. Resveratrol can enhance insulin sensitivity, aiding in blood sugar control and potentially preventing or managing type 2 diabetes. It supports anti-aging by activating sirtuins, proteins linked to longevity, which might lead to healthier aging at the cellular level. There’s also evidence that resveratrol can reduce inflammation, which is beneficial for conditions like arthritis, and it might have protective effects on the liver and muscles, enhancing physical performance and endurance.
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Lion’s Mane
Mental Benefits:
Lion’s Mane mushroom is known for its neuroprotective properties, enhancing cognitive functions such as memory, focus, and concentration. It stimulates the synthesis of nerve growth factor (NGF), which supports neuron growth and regeneration, potentially aiding in the prevention or slowing of cognitive decline associated with aging or neurological disorders like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s.
Physical Benefits:
Lion’s Mane has several physical health benefits, including strengthening the immune system by boosting the activity of the intestinal immune system. It may aid in digestive health by reducing inflammation in the gut and protecting against ulcers. The mushroom also possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which can help in reducing the risk of heart disease by improving lipid profiles and reducing oxidative stress. Additionally, there’s some evidence suggesting it might support nerve repair and regeneration, which could be beneficial for peripheral neuropathy, and it may have potential in regulating blood sugar levels, contributing to better management of diabetes.
Government Study Links:
New Ingredients from the Refined List (Not in the First List)
Caffeine Anhydrous
Mental Benefits:
Caffeine enhances alertness, focus, and cognitive performance by stimulating the central nervous system and blocking adenosine receptors, which reduces feelings of fatigue. It can improve mood and reaction time, and when paired with L-Theanine (as noted in your list), it provides a calmer, more sustained energy boost without the jitteriness often associated with caffeine alone.
Physical Benefits:
Caffeine boosts physical performance by increasing adrenaline levels and mobilizing fat stores for energy, enhancing endurance and strength during exercise. It can improve metabolism by increasing thermogenesis, aiding in fat burning. Caffeine also supports respiratory function by relaxing bronchial muscles, which may benefit conditions like asthma.
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Magnesium
Mental Benefits:
Magnesium supports brain function by regulating neurotransmitter activity, potentially reducing symptoms of anxiety, depression, and migraines. It aids in stress management by modulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and may improve sleep quality by calming the nervous system.
Physical Benefits:
Magnesium is essential for muscle relaxation and contraction, reducing cramps and supporting physical performance. It aids in bone health by facilitating calcium absorption and supports cardiovascular health by regulating blood pressure and heart rhythm. Magnesium also plays a role in energy production and blood sugar control, potentially benefiting metabolic health.
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Vitamin E
Mental Benefits:
Vitamin E’s antioxidant properties protect brain cells from oxidative stress, potentially reducing the risk of cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s. It may support cognitive function by maintaining neuronal membrane integrity.
Physical Benefits:
Vitamin E supports skin health by protecting against UV damage and aiding in wound healing. It enhances immune function by protecting immune cells from oxidative damage and may reduce inflammation, benefiting conditions like arthritis. Vitamin E also supports cardiovascular health by preventing the oxidation of LDL cholesterol, potentially reducing the risk of heart disease.
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Isoleucine
Mental Benefits:
Isoleucine supports brain function indirectly by aiding in protein synthesis, which is crucial for neurotransmitter production and cognitive processes. It may help maintain mental stamina during prolonged physical or mental exertion.
Physical Benefits:
Isoleucine is essential for muscle repair and growth, enhancing recovery after exercise as part of the branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs). It supports energy production by contributing to glucose uptake in muscles and helps regulate blood sugar levels, aiding in metabolic health.
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Threonine
Mental Benefits:
Threonine supports cognitive health by contributing to the production of glycine and serine, amino acids involved in neurotransmitter synthesis, potentially aiding mood and memory.
Physical Benefits:
Threonine is vital for collagen and connective tissue formation, supporting skin, joint, and muscle health. It aids in immune function by contributing to antibody production and supports digestive health by maintaining the gut lining.
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Hyaluronic Acid
Mental Benefits:
Hyaluronic Acid has limited direct mental benefits, but by supporting overall physical health (e.g., reducing joint pain or improving skin appearance), it may indirectly enhance well-being and reduce stress-related cognitive burdens.
Physical Benefits:
Hyaluronic Acid is crucial for skin hydration and elasticity, reducing wrinkles and aiding in wound healing. It supports joint health by lubricating cartilage, potentially reducing pain and stiffness in conditions like osteoarthritis. It also aids eye health by maintaining moisture in the eyes, reducing dryness.
Government Study Links: